Tuesday, August 26, 2008

Study Sheds Light On Impact Of Terrorism On Adolescent Depression

In a study on adolescent depression following terror attacks, Professor Golan Shahar of Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Beer-Sheva, Israel, and Professor Christopher Henrich of Georgia State University, report that social support experienced by these adolescents seems to protect against depression. The research paper will be published in the upcoming issue of the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.

The study followed middle school students in the Israeli city of Sderot who have experienced seven years of ongoing terror attacks by Qassam rockets launched from the nearby Gaza Strip. Researchers examined whether higher levels of baseline social support protected the adolescents from adverse psychological effects of exposure to repeated trauma.

Twenty-nine participants were evaluated before and after a five-month period from May to September 2007, when daily rocket attacks from Gaza increased significantly. Both evaluations measured adolescent self-reported depression, social support from family, friends and school in the context of the ongoing rocket attacks. According to Shahar, “This provided an exceptional and unique opportunity to examine risk and resilience processes in such a heavily burdened population.”

The findings indicate that a strong support system for adolescents could cushion the effects of depression caused by prolonged exposure to rocket attacks. According to the authors, “These findings highlight the potential importance of community mental health efforts as protective resources in times of traumatic stress. More research on the subject is necessary to determine the extent to which support helps students cope with the difficulties.”

Shahar and Henrich, both members of their university’s psychology departments, have been collaborating for over eight years, publishing more than 10 joint papers on the role of stress, risk and resilience in the development of children and adolescents.

source: http://www.sciencedaily.com

Posted by Tom at 11:27:09 | Permalink | No Comments »

Monday, August 18, 2008

Marcus Trescothick speaks of battle with depression

Cricket star Mark Trescothick has spoken about suffering from depression and how it ended his England career.

The opening batsman, 32, described the bouts of homesickness, sleeplessness and anxiety which forced him to fly home during Test series against India in February 2006 and from Australia in November of the same year.

Trescothick, who remains England’s 11th best run scorer, with an average of 43.75, said: “I would not have wished my illness on my worst enemy … Depression is not the same as feeling down or fed up. People might say ‘I’m a bit depressed today,’ but true depression is quite different.”

In his autobiography, Coming Back to Me, he describes how he saw Indian beggars who made him think about his wife Hayley and new daughter Ellie and triggered the breakdown.

“My mind was pulling itself apart. What was happening at home? Was Hayley OK? Was Ellie all right?”

Earlier this year Trescothick was found slumped in a corner of a shop at Heathrow, unable to board a plane to join his Somerset team-mates for a pre-season tour of Dubai. He announced his retirement from international cricket a few days later.

His GP diagnosed him with depression. The batsman has now returned to county cricket, helping Somerset close in on the Division Two championship. He said that while he has not cured his depression he has built up strategies to help him cope.


source: http://www.telegraph.co.uk

Posted by Tom at 11:06:08 | Permalink | No Comments »

Monday, August 11, 2008

Best Cure For Depression

Thousands of people suffer from depression every year ranging from mild occasional bouts of depression to long term, more serious clinical depression. What then can those who suffer from depression do to find relief and what is the best cure for depression?

Actually, the answer is, there is no “best cure for depression” since depression is a very personalized thing the best cure for depression is going to depend on the person and what is causing the depression in the first place.

Consider some of these examples.

Stress in the work place can take a toll on you both physically and mentally. Job stress due to conflicts between co-workers or your boss or the stress caused by simply being in the wrong job for you that you hate and that is contrary to your own nature can cause sleeplessness, physical problems such as high blood pressure, and result in depression. In a case such as this, the best cure for depression is learning ways in which to cope with the stress and switching to a new job or new career.

In some cases, people have trouble sleeping and the lack of proper rest can make you feel run down, get irritable and experience mild depression. Using aromatic bath salts or an aromatherapy spray can help you relax and get to sleep. Yes, it could be your best cure for depression in a case such as this.

If your depression is stemming from a physical conditions, such as being over weight or the hormone changes associated with menopause. In cases such as this, your best cure for depression is going to be to speak with you health care provider to discuss treatment options, changes in diet, new exercise, or natural hormonal supplements that can address the physical conditions that are causing the depression. The same can be said for depression caused by a chemical imbalance. The best cure of depression may be to change medications or to try a new one; this is something that you need to work closely with your health care provider to determine.

Some cases of depression may require therapy, lifestyle changes, acquiring new skills, or medical intervention. The truth is that the only real “best cure for depression” is getting to know yourself and understanding what the underlying cause of the depression is; keeping in mind that depression is often a symptom of something else. When you understand your own depression and what makes it, and you, unique from everyone else then you will be on the road to finding your own best cure for depression.

Source : http://ezinearticles.com

Posted by Tom at 12:15:55 | Permalink | No Comments »

Monday, August 4, 2008

Increased US Prison Population Has Profound Demographic Consequences, Disproportionately Affecting Black Males

The mammoth increase in the United States’ prison population since the 1970s is having profound demographic consequences that disproportionately affect black males.

“This jump in incarceration rates represents a massive intervention in American families at a time when the federal government was making claims that it was less involved in their lives,” according to a University of Washington researcher who will present findings Sunday (Aug. 3) at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association.

Drawing data from a variety of sources that looked at prison and general populations, Becky Pettit, a UW associate professor of sociology, and Bryan Sykes, a UW post-doctoral researcher, found that the boom in prison population is hiding lowered rates of fertility and increased rates of involuntary migration to rural areas and morbidity that is marked by a greater exposure to and risk of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and HIV or AIDS.

These effects are most heavily felt by low-skill black males, and she said the disproportionately high incarceration rates among African-Americans suggest the prison system is a key suspect in these demographic results.Pettit said well-documented facts - one in 100 Americans is behind bars in 2008, about 2.4 million people currently are incarcerated and nearly 60 percent of young black males who dropped out of high school have served time in jail - don’t seem to register with Americans.

“These kinds of rates were not historically true 30 years ago. Today, we are giving people custodial sentences that we wouldn’t have in the past for victimless crimes. Our justice system has become more punitive,” she said, adding that most demographic data collection is decades behind the times and masks this racial disproportionality. That’s because most surveys, which are federally funded, were begun in the 1960s and 70s and excluded the prison population, which was significantly smaller at that time.

In addition, she noted that the effects of an ever-growing criminal justice system extend beyond those who are serving sentences to include children, partners and even entire communities.

Among the findings outlined in Pettit’s presentation are:

• Rates of positive or latent tuberculosis are 50 percent to 100 percent higher for inmates than for the general population. The TB rate among black inmates is 14.6 percent compared to 8.4 percent for white inmates. Despite substantial declines in the overall risk for TB in the U.S., blacks are eight times more likely to contract the disease than whites.

• Blacks both inside and out of prison have higher rates of HIV infection than whites. Inmate rates for HIV are 3.5 percent for blacks and 2.3 percent for whites, although Pettit said this data is weak because many inmates have not been tested for HIV or will not say if they are HIV positive.

• The number of black men living in rural, or non-metropolitan, areas increases dramatically when the inmate population is included because many jails and prisons are located in rural locations.

• Rates of childlessness are higher for both black and white inmates than the general population. Sixty-four percent of non-prison white men have children, but that number drops to 50.6 percent of jailed white men. Among blacks, 71.7 percent of the non-prison men have children while 61.7 percent of those in jail are fathers.

The survey focused on African-Americans and non-Hispanic whites because earlier surveys did not collect data about such groups as Hispanics or Asian-Americans or because the sample sizes from these groups were too small to draw valid statistical judgments. The study also only looked at men between the ages of 25 and 44 and broke them into three groups - high school dropouts, high school graduates and those with a college degree or some college education

Pettit said she hopes her work can be a springboard for better and more inclusive data collection that paints a more accurate demographic picture of the U.S. population.”We usually don’t think of the prison system as something that is a policy shift. But the public health risks and the effects on migration and fertility show that it has had fundamental consequences for all of us,” she said.

“It is in our own self-interest to be concerned. And certainly from a fiscal standpoint we have an interest. In times of financial difficulty, we have a fixed amount of money and for every dollar we spend on incarceration we have one dollar less to spend on education and other things. This is a challenging public policy question.”

source:http://www.medicalnewstoday.com

Posted by Tom at 11:36:52 | Permalink | No Comments »